Tarihin ɗakin karatu

Kerava ya zama gari a shekara ta 1924. Tuni a cikin shekarar farko ta aiki, lokacin da ake shirya kasafin kudin shekara mai zuwa, majalisar garin Kerava ta ware maki 5 don kafa dakin karatu, wanda majalisar ta cire maki 000 a cikinta. kyauta ga ɗakin karatu na Ƙungiyar Ma'aikata ta Kerava.

Einari Merikallio, ɗan maginin tukwane Onni Helenius, manajan tashar EF Rautela, malami Martta Laaksonen da magatakarda Sigurd Löfström an zaɓi su zama kwamitin ɗakin karatu na farko. An umarci sabon kwamitin da aka zaba da ya gaggauta daukar matakan kafa dakin karatu na karamar hukuma. Kwamitin ya rubuta cewa, "Saboda haka batun yana da mahimmanci kuma yana da mahimmanci ga rayuwar al'adar al'umma, cewa ba tare da yin aiki da sadaukarwa ba, dole ne a yi ƙoƙari don ƙirƙirar ɗakin karatu mai ƙarfi da tsari mai kyau a Kerava kamar yadda zai yiwu, mai gamsarwa da sha'awar. duk mazauna, ba tare da la’akari da son zuciya da sauran bambance-bambance ba”.

An tsara dokokin ɗakin karatu bisa ga ƙa'idodin ƙa'idodin da Hukumar Laburare ta Jiha ta yi na ɗakunan karatu na karkara, don haka an kafa ɗakin karatu na gundumar Kerava tun daga farko a matsayin wani ɓangare na cibiyar sadarwar ɗakin karatu na ƙasa wanda ya cika sharuddan tallafin jihohi.

Nemo wuri mai dacewa don ɗakin karatu ya kasance da wahala koyaushe a Kerava. Tare da tallan jarida, daga farkon watan Satumba, ɗakin karatu ya sami damar yin hayan bene na ƙasa na Vuorela villa kusa da tashar tare da dumama ɗaki, haske da tsaftacewa don hayar 250 kowane wata. An tanadi dakin da gudummawar marka 3000 daga asusun ilimi na Teollisuudenharjøytai na Kerava, wanda aka yi amfani da shi don rumbun littattafai, tebura biyu da kujeru biyar. Kerava Puusepäntehdas ne ya yi kayan daki.

Malama Martta Laaksonen ta yi alkawarin zama ma’aikaciyar laburare ta farko, amma ta yi murabus bayan watanni biyu kacal. A farkon watan Satumba, tsohuwar malama Selma Hongell ta karbi aikin. An yi wata babbar sanarwa a cikin jarida game da buɗe ɗakin karatu, inda aka rufe sabon tushen ilimi da al'adu don " yarda da amincewar jama'a na kantin ".

Rabon noma yana da yawa a Kerava a farkon kwanakin ɗakin karatu. Wani manomi a tsakiyar Uusimaa ya bayyana fatan cewa ɗakin karatu ya kamata ya kasance yana da littattafai kan batutuwan aikin gona, kuma burin ya cika.

Da farko dai babu littattafan yara a ɗakin karatu kwata-kwata, sai dai littattafai kaɗan na matasa. Abubuwan da aka tara an ƙara su ne kawai tare da ƙididdiga marasa inganci da almara. Maimakon haka, Kerava yana da ɗakin karatu na yara masu zaman kansu tare da fiye da 1910 kundin a gidan Petäjä tsakanin 192020 zuwa 200.

Laburaren birnin Kerava ya sami ginin ɗakin karatu na kansa a shekara ta 1971. Har zuwa lokacin, ɗakin karatu ya kasance kamar sleigh na ƙaura, a cikin shekaru 45 da ya yi yana aiki, ya sami damar kasancewa a wurare daban-daban guda goma, kuma wasu wurare da yawa sun haifar da tattaunawa da yawa.

An sabunta yarjejeniyar farko ta ɗakin karatu na daki ɗaya a cikin gidan Wuorela a cikin 1925 na tsawon shekara guda bayan yarjejeniyar ta kare. Hukumar dakin karatu ta gamsu da dakin, amma mai gidan ya sanar da cewa zai kara kudin hayar zuwa FIM 500 duk wata, sannan hukumar dakin karatu ta fara neman sabbin gidaje. Daga cikin wadanda aka nada har da makarantar Ali-Kerava da gidan Mista Vuorela. Koyaya, ɗakin karatu ya matsar da Ms. Mikkola zuwa wani daki da ke kan titin Helleborg.

Tuni a shekara mai zuwa, Miss Mikkola na buƙatar ɗaki don amfanin kanta, kuma an sake bincikar wuraren. Akwai wani ɗaki daga ginin ƙungiyar ma'aikata ta Keravan, harabar Keravan Sähkö Oy da ake ginawa, da kuma Liittopankki ya ba da sarari don ɗakin karatu, amma yana da tsada sosai. Laburaren ya koma gidan Mista Lehtonen kusa da Valtatie zuwa wani fili mai fadin murabba'in mita 27, wanda, duk da haka, ya zama karami sosai a shekara ta 1932.

Mista Lehtonen da hukumar ɗakin karatu ta ambata shi ne Aarne Jalmar Lehtonen, wanda gidan dutse mai hawa biyu ya kasance a mahadar Ritaritie da Valtatie. A kasan gidan akwai taron bita da bita na kantin famfo, a saman bene akwai gidaje da dakin karatu. An baiwa shugaban hukumar dakin karatu aikin neman wani babban daki, wanda zai iya zama dakuna biyu, watau dakin karatu na daban. Daga nan aka sanya hannu kan wata yarjejeniya don ɗakin murabba'in mita 63 na ɗan kasuwa Nurminen tare da Huvilatie.

Karamar hukuma ta karbe gidan a 1937. A wannan yanayin, ɗakin karatu ya sami ƙarin sarari, wanda ya sa yankinsa ya ƙaru zuwa murabba'in mita 83. An kuma yi la’akari da kafa sashen kula da yara, amma lamarin bai ci gaba ba. Batun gidaje ya sake zama mai dacewa a cikin 1940, lokacin da majalisar gundumomi ta sanar da hukumar ɗakin karatu game da aniyarta ta ƙaura da ɗakin karatu zuwa ɗakin kyauta a makarantar gwamnati ta Yli-Kerava. Hukumar ɗakin karatu ta yi adawa da lamarin sosai, amma duk da haka ɗakin ɗakin karatu ya koma makarantar da ake kira Makarantar Itace.

An lalata wani bangare na harabar makarantar hadin gwiwa ta Kerava a shekara ta 1941. Har ila yau, dakin karatu na Kerava ya gamu da munin yakin, lokacin da harsashin bindiga daga tagar dakin karatu ya bugi tebur a dakin karatu a ranar 3.2.1940 ga Fabrairu, XNUMX. Yakin ya yi illa ga dakin karatu fiye da harsashi guda daya kawai, domin ana bukatar dukkan harabar makarantar katako domin koyarwa. Laburaren ya ƙare a makarantar jama'a ta Ali-Kerava, wanda kwamitin gudanarwa na ɗakin karatu ya ɗauka sau da yawa a matsayin wuri mai nisa.

Karancin itace a cikin shekarun yaki ya katse ayyukan dakin karatu na yau da kullun a cikin kaka na 1943, kuma an kwace dukkan harabar makarantar Ali-Kerava don amfanin makaranta. Laburare ba tare da daki ba ya iya motsawa zuwa ginin Palokunta a farkon 1944, amma kawai shekara daya da rabi.

Laburaren ya sake komawa, a wannan karon zuwa makarantar firamare ta Sweden, a cikin 1945. Dumama ya sake haifar da damuwa, saboda yawan zafin jiki a ɗakin karatu yana ƙasa da digiri 4 kuma mai duba ɗakin karatu ya shiga tsakani. Godiya ga jawabinsa, majalisar karamar hukumar ta kara albashin ma’aikatan dakin karatu na dumama dakin, domin a rika dumama dakin ko da a kullum.

Makarantu a matsayin wuraren ɗakunan karatu koyaushe suna ɗan gajeren lokaci. An sake fuskantar barazanar ƙaura a ɗakin karatu a watan Mayu 1948, sa’ad da hukumar koyar da harshen Yaren mutanen Sweden da Finnish suka nemi a mayar da ɗakin ɗakin karatu zuwa makarantar Sweden. Hukumar da ke kula da dakin karatu ta sanar da majalisar birnin cewa za ta amince da daukar wannan mataki idan za a iya samun irin wadannan wuraren. A wannan karon, kwamitin ɗakin karatu, wanda ba kasafai ba ne, an amince da shi kuma ɗakin karatu ya ma sami ƙarin sarari a cikin harabar makarantar, inda aka ajiye ɗakin karatu na manual da kuma littattafan da ba na almara ba. Hoton murabba'in ɗakin karatu ya ƙaru daga murabba'in murabba'in 54 zuwa 61. Makarantar firamare ta Sweden kawai ta ci gaba da matsa lamba kan birnin don samun wuraren da kanta.

A ƙarshe, majalisar garin ta yanke shawarar ba da harabar ɗakin ɗakin karatu ga ɗakin karatu. Wurin yana da kyau, ɗakin karatu yana da ɗakuna biyu, yankin yana da murabba'in murabba'in 84,5. Wurin ya kasance sabo da dumi. Shawarar ƙaura na ɗan lokaci ne kawai, don haka an tsara za a ƙaura da ɗakin karatu zuwa makarantar gwamnati da ke cibiyar, wadda ake kan ginawa. A ra'ayin hukumar, sanya dakin karatu a hawa na uku na makarantar bai dace ba, amma majalisar karamar hukumar ta tsaya tsayin daka kan matakin da ta dauka, wanda sai da takardar koke daga hukumar kula da makarantar ta tsakiya, inda dakin karatu ya kasance. ba a so a makaranta.

A shekarar 1958, rashin sarari a ɗakin karatu ya zama wanda ba za a iya jurewa ba, kuma kwamitin gudanarwa na ɗakin karatu ya nemi a haɗa sauna mai kula da ɗakin karatu da ke kusa da ɗakin karatu, amma bisa ga lissafin da hukumar ginin ta yi, maganin zai yi tsada sosai. An fara aiwatar da tsare-tsare don gina wani reshe na ɗakin karatu na daban a cikin ma'ajiyar, amma burin kwamitin gudanarwa na ɗakin karatu shine ƙirƙirar nasa ginin.

A tsakiyar 1960s, an shirya wani shiri na gari a cikin garin Kerava, wanda kuma ya haɗa da ginin ɗakin karatu. Hukumar ɗakin karatu ta gabatar da ofishin ginin tare da ƙasa tsakanin Kalevantie da Kullervontie a matsayin wurin ginin, saboda ɗayan zaɓin, tsaunin Helleborg, bai dace da aikin ba. Har yanzu an gabatar da wasu shawarwari na wucin gadi daban-daban ga hukumar, amma hukumar ba ta amince da su ba saboda tsoron cewa mafita na wucin gadi za su motsa sabon ginin nan gaba.

Ba a samu takardar izinin gina ginin ɗakin karatu ba a karon farko daga ma’aikatar ilimi, saboda an tsara ɗakin ɗakin karatu ya yi ƙanƙanta. A lokacin da aka fadada shirin zuwa murabba’in murabba’i 900, an ba da izini daga ma’aikatar ilimi a shekarar 1968. Har yanzu dai an samu tangarda a lamarin, inda ba zato ba tsammani majalisar garin ta bukaci hukumar kula da dakin karatu ta ba da sanarwar cewa za a gina dakin karatu na wani dan lokaci. , amma aƙalla shekaru goma, a bene na biyu na ginin ofishin ƙungiyar ma'aikata.

Maire Antila ta bayyana a cikin karatun nata na biyu cewa “gwamnatin karamar hukuma ba kungiya ce ta musamman da aka sadaukar domin al’amuran dakin karatu da bunkasa dakin karatu ba, kamar hukumar kula da dakin karatu. Gwamnati sau da yawa tana ɗaukar wuraren da ba na ɗakin karatu ba a matsayin mafi mahimmancin manufofin saka hannun jari." Hukumar ta amsa wa gwamnati da cewa tabbas ba zai yiwu a samu takardar izinin gini nan gaba ba, dakin karatu zai fuskanci matsaloli saboda asarar tallafin da gwamnati ke yi, matakin ma’aikata zai ragu, martabar dakin karatu kuma za ta ragu, da kuma dakin karatu. ba zai ƙara yin aiki azaman ɗakin karatu na makaranta ba. Ra'ayin hukumar ɗakin karatu ya yi rinjaye, kuma an kammala sabon ɗakin karatu a cikin 1971.

Architect Arno Savela na Oy Kaupunkisuunnitti Ab ne ya tsara ginin ɗakin karatu na Kerava, kuma ƙirar ciki Pekka Perjo ne ya yi shi. Ciki na ginin ɗakin ɗakin karatu ya haɗa da, a tsakanin wasu abubuwa, kujerun Pastilli masu launi na sashen yara, ɗakunan ajiya sun kafa lungu na karatu cikin lumana, kuma ɗakunan ajiya sun kasance kawai 150 cm tsayi a tsakiyar ɗakin karatu.

An buɗe sabon ɗakin karatu ga abokan ciniki a ranar 27.9.1971 ga Satumba, XNUMX. Dukan Kerava kamar sun tafi don ganin gidan kuma akwai ci gaba da layi don sabon fasaha, kyamarar haya.

Akwai ayyuka da yawa. Da'irar wallafe-wallafen kwalejin da fensir sun haɗu a ɗakin karatu, ƙungiyar fina-finai na yara ta gudanar da aiki a wurin, kuma an gudanar da haɗin gwiwar motsa jiki da wasan kwaikwayo na matasa. A cikin 1978, an gudanar da jimillar darussan labari 154 don yara. Har ila yau, an tsara ayyukan baje kolin da za a gudanar da dakin karatu, kuma a cikin karatun digirin da aka ambata a baya an bayyana cewa ayyukan baje kolin a dakin karatu sun hada da zane-zane, daukar hoto, abubuwa da sauran nune-nunen.

Hakanan an kammala shirye-shiryen fadada ɗakin karatu lokacin da ake gina ɗakin karatu. An kebe kasafin fara shirin fadada ginin ɗakin karatu a cikin kasafin kuɗi na 1980 da kuma ginawa a cikin kasafin kuɗin birni na shekaru biyar na shekarun 1983-1984. Hasashen farashin faɗaɗa shine FIM miliyan 5,5, in ji Maire Antila a cikin 1980.

A cikin 1983, majalisar birnin Kerava ta amince da shirin farko na fadadawa da sabunta ɗakin karatu. Bangaren ginin ginin a lokacin ya yi zane-zanen manyan tsare-tsare na ɗakin karatu. Gwamnatin birnin ta nemi taimakon jihohi a 1984 da 1985. Duk da haka, ba a ba da izinin gini ba tukuna.

A cikin tsare-tsaren fadadawa, an ƙara sashin bene biyu zuwa tsohon ɗakin karatu. An dage aiwatar da aikin fadada, kuma sabbin tsare-tsare iri-iri sun fara yin gogayya da fadada tsohon dakin karatu.

An shirya ɗakin karatu a farkon 90s don abin da ake kira Pohjolakeskus, wanda bai taɓa yin nasara ba. An kafa ɗakin karatu na reshe don Savio dangane da faɗaɗa makarantar Savio. Hakan ma bai faru ba. Rahoton na 1994, Zaɓuɓɓukan ayyukan sararin samaniya na Laburare, ya yi nazarin kaddarori daban-daban a cikin birni azaman zaɓin saka hannun jari don ɗakin karatu kuma ya ƙare yana kallon Aleksintori sosai.

A cikin 1995, majalisa ta yanke shawarar da mafi rinjaye na kuri'a daya don samun wuraren ɗakin karatu daga Aleksistori. Wannan zabin kuma ya ba da shawarar ta hanyar ƙungiyar aiki waɗanda suka ba da rahoto kan batutuwan da suka shafi gina jami'ar ƙididdiga. An kammala rahoton a watan Janairu 1997. An ba da gudummawar jiha ga wannan aikin ɗakin karatu. An jinkirta aiwatar da aikin saboda korafe-korafe, kuma birnin ya yi watsi da shirinsa na sanya dakin karatu a Aleksintori. Lokaci ya yi don sabon rukunin aiki.

A ranar 9.6.1998 ga Yuni, XNUMX, magajin gari Rolf Paqvalin ya nada ƙungiyar aiki don bincika ci gaban ayyukan ɗakin karatu na birnin da haɗin gwiwa tare da cibiyoyin ilimi da ke cikin sabon ginin Cibiyar Ilimi da Horar da Sana'a ta Tsakiya ta Uusimaa, wanda ake kammalawa kusa da ɗakin karatu.

An kammala rahoton a ranar 10.3.1999 ga Maris, 2002. Ƙungiya mai aiki ta ba da shawarar faɗaɗa kayan aikin ɗakin karatu na yanzu nan da shekara ta 1500 ta yadda jimillar wuraren ɗakin ɗakin karatu za su kasance kusan murabba'in murabba'in XNUMX masu amfani.
A cikin taronta a ranar 21.4.1999 ga Afrilu, 3000, Hukumar Ilimi ta yi la'akari da cewa filin da aka tsara zai zama ƙasa da ƙasa kuma ɗakin ɗakin karatu na har zuwa murabba'in murabba'in XNUMX mai amfani zai yiwu. Hukumar ta yanke shawarar, tare da wasu abubuwa, cewa dole ne a ci gaba da tsara wuraren ɗakin karatu tare da ƙarin tsare-tsare na sararin samaniya da ƙididdiga.

A ranar 7.6.1999 ga Yuni, 27.7, yawancin ƴan majalisa sun yi yunƙurin tanadin kuɗi don faɗaɗa ɗakin karatu. A cikin wannan shekarar, Mukaddashin Magajin Garin Anja Juppi ya kafa 9.9.1999. ƙungiyar aiki don jagorantar shirye-shiryen shirin aikin. Shirin, wanda ya kwatanta zaɓuɓɓukan faɗaɗa daban-daban guda uku, an miƙa shi ga magajin gari a ranar XNUMX ga Satumba, XNUMX.

Hukumar Ilimi ta yanke shawarar ranar 5.10. yana gabatar da aiwatar da zaɓi mafi fa'ida ga hukumar injiniyan birni da gwamnatin birni. Gwamnatin birnin ta yanke shawarar ranar 8.11. ya ba da shawarar adana kuɗin da aka ware don tsara ɗakin karatu a cikin kasafin kuɗi na 2000 da aiwatar da zaɓin ɗakin karatu mafi girma na shirin - murabba'in murabba'in 3000 mai amfani.

Majalisar birnin ta yanke shawarar a ranar 15.11.1999 ga Nuwamba XNUMX cewa za a gudanar da aikin fadada ɗakin karatu bisa ga zaɓi mafi girma kuma za a nemi gudunmawar jihar bisa ga haka, tare da shugaban majalisar ya jaddada: "Majalisar za ta yanke shawara mai mahimmanci. baki daya."

• Maire Antila, Haɓaka yanayin ɗakin karatu a Kerava. Ƙididdigar Jagora a cikin kimiyyar laburare da bayanai. Shekarar 1980.
• Rita Käkelä, Labarin da ba na almara ba na aiki a ɗakin karatu na ƙungiyar ma'aikata ta Kerava a cikin shekaru 1909-1948. Ƙididdigar Jagora a cikin kimiyyar laburare da bayanai. Shekarar 1990.
• Rahoton ƙungiyar aiki na birnin Kerava:
• Rahoton shirye-shiryen sararin samaniya na ɗakin karatu na shekaru masu zuwa. 1986.
• Haɓaka sabis ɗin bayanai. 1990.
• Zaɓuɓɓukan aikin sararin ɗakin karatu. 1994.
• Jami'ar Kimiyya ta Kerava. 1997.
• Haɓaka ayyukan ɗakin karatu. 1999.
• Laburaren birnin Kerava: shirin aikin. 1999.
• Binciken Bincike: Laburaren birnin Kerava, Binciken sabis na Laburare. 1986
• Shirin gasa: ƙa'idar kimantawa. Bude ka'idar bita (pdf).