Inkxaso yokufunda

Xa ungazi ukuba ubuze bani - buza i-opo! Umcebisi wesifundo uqhelanisa abafundi abatsha ngocwangciso lobuqu lwezifundo zabo kwaye unceda kwimiba enxulumene nezifundo zabo, ezibandakanya, phakathi kwezinye izinto:

• ukuzibekela usukelo lokufunda
• ukulungiselela isicwangciso sokufunda
• ukwenza ukhetho lwezifundo zokuqala
• ukwazisa malunga nebanga lematriki
• izifundo zesidanga sokuqala kunye nocwangciso lomsebenzi

Ukucothisa izifundo zakho kunye nokutshintsha izibalo ezinde okanye ulwimi ukuya kolufutshane kufuneka kuhlale kuxoxwa kunye nomcebisi wakho wokufunda. Umcebisi ngezifundo kufuneka kwakhona kuboniswane naye xa umfundi efuna ukongeza izifundo ezivela kwamanye amaziko emfundo kwidiploma yakhe yesikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, njengesikolo samabanga aphakamileyo sabadala okanye ikholeji yobugcisa yaseKeuda.

Iingxoxo nomcebisi wophando ziyimfihlo. Kuhle ukundwendwela umcebisi sifundo ukuze uxoxe ngamanqanaba ahlukeneyo ezifundo zakho. Ngale ndlela, umfundi unokucacisa usukelo lwakhe aze aqinisekise ukuzaliseka kocwangciso lokufunda.

Injongo yokukhathalelwa kwabafundi, phakathi kwezinye izinto, kukukhuthaza ukufunda nokuphila kakuhle kwabafundi kunye nokukhathalela impilo-ntle yoluntu lwesikolo.

Umfundi kwimfundo yamabanga aphakamileyo aphakamileyo unelungelo lokunyamekela umfundi, okukhuthaza impilo yakhe yomzimba, yengqondo kunye nentlalontle kunye nokuphila kakuhle kwaye ngaloo ndlela uxhasa ukufunda nokufunda. Ukhathalelo lwabafundi lubandakanya iinkonzo zezempilo zabafundi (abongikazi kunye noogqirha), iisayikholojisti kunye nabagcini.

Iziko lemfundo kunye nendawo elikuyo linoxanduva lokuququzelela ukhathalelo lwabafundi. Ukususela ekuqaleni kuka-2023, uxanduva lokuququzelela iinkonzo zokunakekelwa kwabafundi luya kudluliselwa kwiindawo zentlalontle. Baququzelela iinkonzo zokhathalelo lokufunda kubo bonke abafundi bezikolo eziphakamileyo, nokuba bahlala kowuphi na umasipala.

Iinjongo zokhathalelo lwempilo lwabafundi

Injongo yokhathalelo lwempilo yomfundi kukuxhasa ukujamelana nokumelana ngokupheleleyo nomfundi. Kunyaka wabo wokuqala wokufunda, abafundi banethuba lokuvavanywa ngumongikazi wezempilo.

Iimviwo zonyango

Iimviwo zonyango zijolise kunyaka wesibini wokufunda. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, uvavanyo lwezonyango sele lwenziwe kunyaka wokuqala wokufunda. Ungafumana idinga likagqirha kumongikazi wezempilo.

Ulwamkelo lokugula

Umongikazi wezempilo unexesha lokugula lemihla ngemihla kwabo bagula ngequbuliso kunye neshishini elikhawulezayo. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, kunokugcinwa ixesha elide kumfundi ukuze kuxutyushwe yaye kululekwe.

Umlondolozi yingcali yentlalontle esebenza esikolweni. Injongo yomsebenzi womlondolozi kukukhuthaza nokuxhasa ukuhamba isikolo kwabantu abatsha, ukufunda nokuphila kakuhle ngokwasengqondweni. Umsebenzi ugxininisa ukuqonda okupheleleyo kweemeko zobomi babafundi kunye nokubaluleka kobudlelwane boluntu kwimvelaphi yokuphila kakuhle.

Umele nini umlondolozi

Umxholo wentlanganiso yomgcini unokunxulumana, umzekelo, ukungabikho komfundi kunye nokuncipha kwenkuthazo yokufunda, apho umfundi unokuxoxa ngezizathu zokungabikho kunye nomgcini.

Umlondolozi unokuxhasa umfundi kwiimeko ezinzima zobomi kunye nokunceda iingxaki ezinxulumene nobudlelwane boluntu. Umlondolozi unokunceda ngophando lwezibonelelo ezahlukeneyo zentlalo okanye, umzekelo, kwimiba enxulumene nokukhangela indawo yokuhlala.

Ukuba kuyimfuneko, umlondolozi unako, ngemvume yomfundi, ukusebenzisana nabanye abasebenzi beziko lemfundo. Intsebenziswano inokwenziwa nabasemagunyeni abangaphandle kweziko lemfundo, abafana neKela, inkonzo yolutsha kunye nemibutho kamasipala.

Intlanganiso yoMgcini kunye nokuqeshwa

Umlondolozi uyafumaneka kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo iintsuku ezintathu ngeveki. I-ofisi yomgcini inokufumaneka kumgangatho wokuqala wesikolo kwiphiko lokukhathalela abafundi.

Ukuqeshwa kwentlanganiso yomgcini kunokwenziwa ngefowuni, umyalezo kaWilma okanye i-imeyile. Umfundi unokwenza idinga kunye nomgcini buqu kwisiza. Abazali bomfundi okanye ootitshala banokuqhagamshelana nomlondolozi. Iintlanganiso zisoloko zisekelwe kukuzithandela komfundi.

Injongo yomsebenzi wesayikholoji kukuxhasa impilo-ntle yengqondo yabafundi ngentsebenziswano nabasebenzi beziko lemfundo.

Xa ubona isazi sezengqondo

Unokuqhagamshelana nogqirha wengqondo, umzekelo, ngenxa yoxinzelelo olunxulumene nokufunda, iingxaki zokufunda, ukudakumba, ukuxhalaba, iinkxalabo ezinxulumene nobudlelwane phakathi kwabantu okanye iimeko ezahlukeneyo zobunzima.

Utyelelo lwenkxaso yesayikholojisti lolokuzithandela, luyimfihlo kwaye aluhlawulelwa. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, umfundi uthunyelwa kwiimviwo ezongezelelweyo okanye unyango okanye ezinye iinkonzo.

Ukongeza kokumkelwa komntu, isazi sezengqondo sithatha inxaxheba kwiintlanganiso ezahlukeneyo zomfundi kunye noluntu lweziko lemfundo kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, kwezinye iimeko ezifuna ubuchule bokunyamekela abafundi.

Ukudibana nogqirha wengqondo kunye nokwenza idinga

Eyona ndlela ingcono yokuqhagamshelana nogqirha wengqondo ngefowuni. Ungafowuna okanye uthumele umyalezo obhaliweyo. Unako kwakhona ukufumana unxibelelwano nge Wilma okanye email. Kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo, uqhagamshelwano kufuneka luhlale lwenziwa ngefowuni. Iofisi yesayikholoji yengqondo inokufumaneka kumgangatho wokuqala wesikolo kwiphiko lokukhathalela abafundi.

Ungafaka isicelo sokubona isayikholojisti, umzekelo, umzali, umongikazi wezempilo ongumfundi, utitshala okanye umcebisi wesifundo.

Umfundi othi, ngenxa yobunzima bolwimi olukhethekileyo okanye ezinye iingxaki zokufunda, unobunzima ekugqibeni izifundo zakhe, unelungelo lokufumana imfundo ekhethekileyo kunye nenye inkxaso yokufunda ngokweemfuno zakhe zomntu ngamnye.

Amanyathelo enkxaso aphunyezwa ngentsebenziswano nootitshala. Isidingo senkxaso siyavavanywa ekuqaleni kwezifundo kwaye rhoqo njengoko izifundo ziqhubela phambili. Ngokwesicelo somfundi, imisebenzi yenkxaso ibhalwa kucwangciso lofundisiso lobuqu lomfundi.

Unokufumana inkxaso ekhethekileyo

Kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, unokufumana inkxaso ekhethekileyo kunye nesikhokelo ukuba umfundi uye wabuyela emva okwethutyana kwizifundo zakhe okanye ukuba amathuba omfundi okuphumelela kwizifundo zakhe aye abuthathaka ngenxa, umzekelo, ukugula okanye ukukhubazeka. Injongo yenkxaso kukunika abafundi amathuba alinganayo okugqiba izifundo zabo, babe namava ovuyo lokufunda kunye namava okuphumelela.

Utitshala wemfundo eyodwa wenza imaphu yeengxaki zokufunda zabafundi

Utitshala wemfundo eneemfuno ezizodwa ubonisa ubunzima bokufunda babafundi, uqhuba iimvavanyo zokufunda aze abhale neengxelo zokufunda. Imisebenzi yenkxaso kunye namalungiselelo awodwa ayimfuneko ayacwangciswa kwaye kuvunyelwane ngawo nomfundi, ethi utitshala wemfundo eyodwa ayibhale kwifom eWilma ngokwesicelo somfundi.

Utitshala wemfundo ekhethekileyo usebenza njengotitshala ngaxeshanye kwizifundo nakwiindibano zocweyo kwaye ufundisa ikhosi yokufunda "Ndingumfundi wesikolo esiphakamileyo" (KeLu1) kubafundi abaqalayo.

Ukongeza kwinkxaso yeqela, unokufumana isikhokelo somntu ngamnye sokuphuhlisa izakhono zokufunda.

Nceda ubhukishe idinga notitshala wemfundo eyodwa kuselithuba, phambi kokuba ubuye emva kwizifundo zakho okanye phambi kokuba uqokelele imisebenzi emininzi engagqitywanga. Imizekelo embalwa yeemeko apho kufuneka uqhagamshelane:

• Ukuba ufuna inkxaso yomntu ngamnye kwizifundo zakho. Umzekelo, imeko apho ukubhala isincoko okanye igrama Swedish kunzima.
• Ukuba ufuna ingxelo yokufunda okanye amalungiselelo awodwa eemviwo (ixesha elongezelelweyo, indawo eyahlukileyo okanye omnye umcimbi ofanayo)
• Ukuba ufumana kunzima ukuqala imisebenzi okanye uneengxaki ngolawulo lwexesha
• Ukuba ufuna ukufumana iingcebiso zokuphucula ukufunda kwakho

Ewe, unako, yenza idinga notitshala wemfundo eyodwa. Uya kukubhalela kwakhona ingxelo malunga ne-dyslexia.

Kuqhelekile ukuba i-dyslexia ibonakale njengobunzima kwiilwimi zasemzini kwaye mhlawumbi nangolwimi lweenkobe.

Ukuba amabanga kwiilwimi angaphantsi kakhulu kwinqanaba lezinye izifundo, kuyafaneleka ukuphanda ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba kubekho i-dyslexia.

Inkcazo inokufumaneka nakwiindlela zokusebenza kunye nokuqhelaniswa komdla. Ukufunda iilwimi kufuna, phakathi kwezinye izinto, umsebenzi oqhelekileyo, ozimeleyo kunye nokunikela ingqalelo kwizakhiwo.

Ubuchule bolwimi lwegrama bulungile; ngale ndlela ungasebenzisa iincwadi zezifundo kunye nezinye izinto ngokuzimeleyo. Ukuba unesiseko esibuthathaka ngolwimi lwasemzini, oko kunokubangela ubunzima kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo. Ngokusebenzisa isikhokelo kunye namanyathelo enkxaso kunye nokuphuhlisa ubuchule bokufunda, izakhono zolwimi zinokuphuculwa kakhulu.

Okokuqala, fumanisa ukuba yintoni na ukucaphuka. Sidla ngokufumana izinto ezicekisekayo esinobunzima kuzo. Ukuba ufundo lucotha okanye aluchanekanga, imigca igxuma emehlweni kwaye akufuni ukusiqonda isicatshulwa, unokuba nobunzima bokufunda.

Awunakuyeka ukuyifunda yonke loo nto. Ungawenza lula umsebenzi wokufunda ngokumamela ii-audiobooks. Unokufumana lula iincwadi ezimanyelwayo kwilayibrari yakho yasekhaya okanye ungasebenzisa iinkonzo zorhwebo. Usenokuba nelungelo lobulungu bethala leencwadi laseCelia.

Qhagamshelana notitshala wemfundo eyodwa ukuba unobunzima ekufundeni.

Abanye abane-dyslexics basenokukufumanisa kunzima ukuhlala emgceni. Imigca inokushiywa ingafundwanga okanye umbhalo omnye unokufundwa izihlandlo ezininzi. Ukufunda ukuqonda kunokuphazamiseka kwaye kunokuba nzima ukugxila kumxholo.

Izahlulo zemigca zingasetyenziswa njengoncedo. Ukufunda ifilimu yombala nako kunokunceda. I-Row delimiters kunye nokukhanya kombala kunokuthengwa, umzekelo, kwiziko lokufunda. Umlawuli unokwenza into efanayo. Ukuba ufunda umbhalo ekhompyutheni, unokusebenzisa inkqubo yokufunda nzulu kwi-MS Word kunye ne-OneNote oneline. Xa uyenza kwaye ukhethe umsebenzi wolungelelwaniso lwelayini, kuphela imigca embalwa yokubhaliweyo ebonakalayo ngexesha. Ngenkqubo yokufunda nzulu, unokumamela neetekisi ozibhalileyo.

Sebenzisa inkqubo yokuhlola iimpazamo ukuba kunokwenzeka. Kufuneka ukwandise ifonti. Zama ukufumana ifonti efundeka lula. Nangona kunjalo, tshintsha isicatshulwa sakho njengoko kufuneka emva kokuba uhlolisise kwaye uhlele isicatshulwa ngokwaneleyo.

Ilungelo lokwandisa ifonti lilungiselelo elikhethekileyo leemviwo ze-yo, elicelwa ngokwahlukeneyo. Ke kufanelekile ukuzama ukubona ukuba ukonyusa ifonti kuluncedo.

Cela isikhokelo kutitshala okanye kutitshala wemfundo eyodwa. Kuhle ukwazi ukuba ukubhala isicatshulwa akufane kuqondwe njengento elula. Ukubhala kubandakanya intlungu yokudala, mhlawumbi uloyiko lokungaphumeleli, olunokuthi luthintele intetho.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukubhala phantsi iingcinga zakho kwaye ungalindi ukuphefumlelwa. Kulula ukuyilungisa isicatshulwa esele sikhona, kwaye ngoncedo lwempendulo evela kutitshala, eyakho intetho iya kukhula ngokuthe ngcembe. Kuya kufuneka ucele ingxelo ngenkuthalo.

Xoxa notitshala ngalo mba kwaye ucele ixesha elingakumbi leemviwo. Luluvo oluhle ukurekhoda imfuno ethe rhoqo yexesha elongezelelweyo kwisicwangciso senkxaso sezikolo eziphakamileyo ngokunjalo.

Qhagamshelana notitshala wemfundo eyodwa ukuba ufuna ukuxoxa ngexesha elongezelelweyo kwiimviwo.

Jonga amalungiselelo awodwa kwiwebhusayithi yeBhodi yeeMviwo zeMatriki.

Qhagamshelana notitshala wemfundo eyodwa ukuba ufuna ukuxoxa ngamalungiselelo awodwa.

I-YTL ifuna ukuba iingxelo zibe mva nje, zenziwe ngexesha lesikolo samabanga aphakamileyo. Ubunzima bokufunda obebugqalwa njengobuthambileyo ngaphambili busenokujika bube nzima ngakumbi, kuba kwizifundo zamabanga aphakamileyo umfundi ufumana imingeni yokufunda eyahluke ngokupheleleyo kunangaphambili. Ingxelo ke ngoko iya kuhlaziywa ukubonisa imeko yangoku.

Eyona nto kugxilwe kuyo yinkxaso yeqela. Iindlela zenkxaso yeqela ziquka iindibano zocweyo eziququzelelwa rhoqo kwimathematika kunye nesiSwidi. Iindibano zocweyo zikwaququzelelwa ngolwimi lweenkobe, kodwa hayi ngeveki. Izabelo ezidlulileyo zingenziwa phantsi kwesikhokelo kwiindibano zocweyo ngolwimi lweenkobe.

Umfundi unokucela utitshala wesifundo ukuba amfundise ukulungisa ukuba uvakalelwa kukuba isikhokelo esifunyenwe kwiindibano zocweyo asanelanga.

Abafundi banokubhukisha amadinga notitshala okhethekileyo ukuze bafumane isikhokelo.

ESweden, iikhosi zesiNgesi nezibalo zi-0 zicwangciswa ukuphonononga izinto ezifundwe kumabanga aphantsi. Kuya kufuneka ukhethe ikhosi engu-0 ukuba uye waba nobunzima obubalulekileyo kwezi zifundo kwixesha elidlulileyo. ENgilani naseSweden kukho amaqela aqhubela phambili ngokucothayo (R-English kunye nesi-R-Swedish).