Imbali yethala leencwadi

Ithala leencwadi likamasipala waseKerava laqala ukusebenza ngo-1925. Ithala leencwadi langoku laseKerava lavulwa ngo-2003. Esi sakhiwo sayilwa ngumyili wezakhiwo uMikko Metsähonkala.

Ukongeza kwilayibrari yedolophu, isakhiwo sihlala kwiinkonzo zenkcubeko yaseKerava, i-Onnila, indawo yokuhlangana yesithili sase-Uusimaa sombutho wentlalontle yabantwana baseMannerheim, iholo laseJoraamo lesikolo sokudansa saseKerava, kunye negumbi lokufundela esikolweni sobugcisa obubonakalayo beKerava.

  • I-Kerava yaba yidolophu ngo-1924. Sele kunyaka wayo wokuqala wokusebenza, xa ilungiselela uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lonyaka ozayo, ibhunga ledolophu yaseKerava libekele bucala ulwabiwo lwamanqaku angama-5 000 okusekwa kwethala leencwadi, apho ibhunga litsale amanqaku angama-500 njenge. isibonelelo kwithala leencwadi le-Kerava Workers' Association.

    U-Einari Merikallio, unyana wombumbi u-Onni Helenius, umphathi wesikhululo u-EF Rautela, umfundisi-ntsapho uMartta Laaksonen nonobhala uSigurd Löfström banyulwa kwikomiti yokuqala yethala leencwadi. Ikomiti esanda kunyulwa yayalelwa ukuba ithathe amanyathelo ngokukhawuleza okuseka ithala leencwadi likamasipala. Ikomiti yabhala ukuba "umcimbi ke ngoko ubalulekile kwaye ubalulekile kubomi benkcubeko yoluntu, ukuba ngaphandle kokugcina umsebenzi kunye nokuzincama, kufuneka kwenziwe imizamo yokwenza ithala leencwadi elinamandla nelilungelelaniswe kakuhle eKerava kangangoko kunokwenzeka, elanelisayo kwaye linomtsalane bonke abahlali, ngaphandle kokukhetha kunye nezinye iiyantlukwano".

    Imithetho yethala leencwadi yaqulunqwa ngokwemigaqo yemodeli eyenziwe yiKomishoni yeThala leeNcwadi kaRhulumente kumathala eencwadi asemaphandleni, ngoko ke ithala leencwadi likamasipala waseKerava lasekwa kwasekuqaleni njengenxalenye yothungelwano lwamathala eencwadi kazwelonke ahlangabezana neemeko zezibonelelo zikarhulumente.

    Ukufumana indawo efanelekileyo yethala leencwadi bekusoloko kunzima eKerava. Ngesibhengezo sephephandaba, ukususela ekuqaleni kukaSeptemba, ithala leencwadi lakwazi ukurenta umgangatho ophantsi we-villa ye-Vuorela kufuphi nesikhululo kunye nokufudumala kwegumbi, ukukhanya kunye nokucoca irenti yenyanga ye-250 amanqaku. Eli gumbi lalinomnikelo weemarka ezingama-3000 XNUMX ezivela kwingxowa-mali yemfundo yaseKerava yaseTeollisuudenharjøytai, eyasetyenziselwa ishelufu yeencwadi, iitafile ezimbini nezitulo ezintlanu. Ifenitshala yenziwe nguKerava Puusepäntehdas.

    Utitshalakazi uMartta Laaksonen wathembisa ukuba ngunoncwadi wokuqala, kodwa wayeka emva kweenyanga nje ezimbalwa. Ekuqaleni kukaSeptemba, owayesakuba ngumfundisi-ntsapho uSelma Hongell wawuthatha lo msebenzi. Kwakukho isibhengezo esikhulu kwiphephandaba malunga nokuvulwa kwethala leencwadi, apho umthombo omtsha wolwazi kunye nenkcubeko uvaliwe "ukuvunyelwa okufudumeleyo koluntu lwevenkile".

    Isabelo sezolimo sasisenkulu eKerava kwiintsuku zokuqala zethala leencwadi. Umfama kuMbindi Uusimaa uvakalise umnqweno wokuba ithala leencwadi libe nalo noncwadi olumalunga nezolimo, kwaye lo mnqweno uye wafezeka.

    Ekuqaleni, zazingekho kwaphela iincwadi zabantwana kwithala leencwadi, kwaye zazimbalwa kuphela iincwadi zolutsha. Iingqokelela zongezwa kuphela ngomgangatho ophakamileyo wezinto ezingeyonyani kunye neentsomi. Endaweni yoko, iKerava yayinethala leencwadi labucala labantwana elinemiqulu engaphezu kwama-1910 kwindlu kaPetäjä phakathi ko-192020 no-200.

  • Ithala leencwadi lesiXeko saseKerava lafumana esalo isakhiwo sethala leencwadi ngowe-1971. De kube ngoko, eli thala lalifana nesileyi sokufuduka, ebudeni beminyaka engama-45 lisebenza, lakwazi ukubekwa kwiindawo ezilishumi ezahlukahlukeneyo, yaye ezinye iindawo ezininzi zabangela ingxubusho eninzi.

    Indawo yokuqala yethala leencwadi yokuqeshisa kwigumbi elinye kwindlu yaseWuorela ngo-1925 yahlaziywa kangangonyaka emva kokuba ingqesho iphelelwe. Ibhodi yethala leencwadi yoneliseka ligumbi, kodwa umnini wabhengeza ukuba uza kuyinyusa irenti ibe yiFIM 500 ngenyanga, kwaye ibhodi yethala leencwadi yaqalisa ukukhangela indawo entsha. Phakathi kwabakhethiweyo kwakukho isikolo sika-Ali-Kerava kunye negumbi elingaphantsi likaMnu Vuorela. Noko ke, ithala leencwadi lamfudusela uNksz. Mikkola kwigumbi elisecaleni kwendlela yaseHelleborg.

    Kwangonyaka olandelayo, uNkosazana Mikkola wayefuna igumbi awayeza kusebenzisa kulo, yaye indawo yaphinda yagqogqwa. Kwakukho igumbi elifumanekayo kwisakhiwo sombutho wabasebenzi baseKeravan, indawo yaseKeravan Sähkö Oy eyayisakhiwa, kunye neLiittopankki nayo yayinika indawo yethala leencwadi, kodwa yayibiza kakhulu. Ithala leencwadi lafudukela kwindlu kaMnumzana Lehtonen ecaleni kweValtatie kwindawo ezizikwemitha ezingama-27, nangona kunjalo, yajika yaba ncinane kakhulu ngowe-1932.

    UMnu. Lehtonen okhankanywe yibhodi yethala leencwadi yayingu-Aarne Jalmar Lehtonen, onendlu enemigangatho emibini yelitye eyayikwisiphambuka saseRitaritie naseValtatie. Kumgangatho ongaphantsi wendlu kwakukho indawo yokusebenzela yevenkile edibanisa imibhobho yamanzi kunye nendawo yokusebenzela, kumgangatho ophezulu kwakukho amagumbi kunye nethala leencwadi. Usihlalo webhodi yethala leencwadi wanikwa umsebenzi wokubuza malunga negumbi elikhulu, elinokuba namagumbi amabini, oko kukuthi igumbi lokufundela elahlukileyo. Isivumelwano saye sasayinwa kwi-63 square metre igumbi lomrhwebi uNurminen ecaleni kweHuvilatie.

    Le ndlu yathathwa ngumasipala ngo-1937. Kuloo meko, ithala leencwadi lafumana indawo eyongezelelweyo, ukuze indawo yalo yande ukuya kutsho kwi-83 square metres. Kwaqwalaselwa nokusekwa kwesebe labantwana, kodwa awuzange uqhubele phambili umcimbi. Umba wamagumbi waphinda waqalisa ukusebenza ngo-1940, xa ibhunga likamasipala lazisa ibhodi yethala leencwadi ngenjongo yalo yokufudusa ithala leencwadi kwigumbi lasimahla kwisikolo sikarhulumente iYli-Kerava. Ibhodi yethala leencwadi yawuchasa ngamandla lo mba, kodwa sekunjalo ithala leencwadi kwafuneka lifudukele kwindawo ebizwa ngokuba siSikolo Semithi.

  • Inxalenye yesakhiwo sesikolo semfundo ehlangeneyo saseKerava yatshatyalaliswa ngo-1941. Ithala leencwadi laseKerava nalo lafumana amasikizi emfazwe, xa imbumbulu yompu eyayiphuma kwifestile yethala leencwadi yabetha itafile kwigumbi lokufunda ngoFebruwari 3.2.1940, XNUMX. Imfazwe yabangela umonakalo omkhulu kwithala leencwadi kunembumbulu nje enye, kuba zonke iindawo zesikolo samaplanga zazifuneka ngeenjongo zokufundisa. Ithala leencwadi laphelela kwisikolo sikawonke-wonke i-Ali-Kerava, apho ibhodi yabalawuli bethala leencwadi izihlandlo ezininzi yayigqalwa njengendawo ekude kakhulu.

    Ukunqongophala kweenkuni ngexesha leminyaka yemfazwe kwaphazamisa ukusebenza rhoqo kwethala leencwadi ekwindla ka-1943, kwaye zonke iindawo zesikolo sase-Ali-Kerava zathatyathwa ukuze zisetyenziswe esikolweni. Ithala elalingenagumbi lakwazi ukufudukela kwisakhiwo sasePalokunta ekuqaleni kowe-1944, kodwa kangangonyaka onesiqingatha kuphela.

    Ithala leencwadi laphinda lafuduka, ngeli xesha laya kwisikolo samabanga aphantsi saseSweden, ngo-1945. Ukufudumeza kwabangela ixhala kwakhona, njengoko iqondo lobushushu kwithala leencwadi lalisoloko lingaphantsi kwe-4 degrees kwaye kwangenelela umhloli wethala leencwadi. Ngenxa yamazwi akhe, ibhunga likamasipala linyuse umvuzo wesixhobo sokucoca ubushushu kwithala leencwadi, ukuze igumbi libe nokufudumeza yonke imihla.

    Izikolo njengezikolo ezifakwe kwiilayibrari bezisoloko zifutshane. Eli thala lasongelwa ngokufuduswa kwakhona ngoMeyi 1948, xa ibhodi yezemfundo ethetha isiSwedish nabathetha isiFinnish yacela ukuba indawo yethala leencwadi ibuyiselwe kwisikolo saseSweden. Ibhodi yethala leencwadi yazisa ibhunga lesixeko ukuba lingavumelana nelo nyathelo ukuba indawo efanayo inokufunyanwa kwenye indawo. Ngesi sihlandlo, ibhodi yethala leencwadi, inqabile ngokwenene, yayithenjwa kwaye ithala leencwadi lade lafumana indawo eyongezelelweyo epasejini yesikolo, apho kwabekwa khona ithala leencwadi neencwadi ezingezizo ezenyani. Ithala leencwadi linyuke ukusuka kwi-54 ukuya kwi-61 square metres. Isikolo samabanga aphantsi saseSweden siqhubekile nokubeka uxinzelelo esixekweni ukuba sizifumanele indawo.

  • Ekugqibeleni, ibhunga ledolophu lagqiba ekubeni labele ithala leencwadi indawo yeholo yedolophu. Indawo yayilungile, ithala leencwadi lalinamagumbi amabini, indawo yayiyi-84,5 square metres. Indawo yayintsha kwaye ishushu. Isigqibo sokufuduka kwaba sesokwexeshana, ngoko kwacetywa ukufuduswa kwethala leencwadi lisiwe kwisikolo sikarhulumente esiphakathi, esasisakhiwa. Ngokoluvo lwebhodi, ukubekwa kwethala leencwadi kumgangatho wesithathu kwesi sikolo bekungeyongqiqo, kodwa ibhunga likamasipala limi kwisigqibo salo, esithe sabhukuqwa kuxwebhu lwezikhalazo zebhodi yesikolo iCentral School, apho ithala leencwadi belikhona. engafunwa esikolweni.

    Ngo-1958, ukunqongophala kwendawo yethala leencwadi kwaba yinto enganyamezelekiyo kwaye ibhodi yabalawuli bethala leencwadi bacela ukuba kuqhagamshelwe isauna yomgcini-mpahla ecaleni kwethala leencwadi kwithala leencwadi, kodwa ngokobalo olwenziwe yibhodi yokwakha, isisombululo besiya kuba sibiza kakhulu. Ucwangciso lwaqala ukwenziwa ukuze kwakhiwe iphiko lethala leencwadi elahlukileyo kwindawo yokugcina, kodwa injongo yebhodi yabalawuli bethala leencwadi yayikukudala esayo isakhiwo.

    Phakathi kwiminyaka yee-1960, kwakulungiselelwa iplani yedolophu kwilokishi yaseKerava, eyayiquka nesakhiwo sethala leencwadi. Ibhodi yethala leencwadi inike iofisi yokwakha ngomhlaba ophakathi kweKalevantie neKullervontie njengendawo yokwakha, kuba enye indlela, iHelleborg hill, yayingasebenzi kakuhle. Izisombululo ezohlukeneyo zexeshana bezisathiwe thaca kwibhodi, kodwa ibhodi ayizange ivumelane nazo kuba isoyikela ukuba izisombululo zexeshana zingasusa isakhiwo esitsha kwikamva elikude.

    Iphepha-mvume lokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo sethala leencwadi alizange lifumaneke kwiSebe lezeMfundo okokuqala, kuba ithala leencwadi lalicetywe ukuba libe lincinane kakhulu. Xa isicwangciso sandisiwe saya kutsho kuma-900 square metres, imvume yavela kwiSebe lezeMfundo ngowe-1968. Kwakusekho ukujijeka kulo mba, xa ibhunga ledolophu lingalindelanga lacela ingxelo yokuba ithala leencwadi liza kufunyanwa okwethutyana. , kodwa ubuncinane iminyaka elishumi, kumgangatho wesibini wesakhiwo seofisi sombutho wabasebenzi ocetywayo.

    UMaire Antila uthi kwithisisi yenkosi yakhe “urhulumente kamasipala akaloqumrhu elikhethekileyo elizinikele kwimicimbi yethala leencwadi nophuhliso lwamathala eencwadi, njengoko injalo ibhodi yethala leencwadi. Urhulumente uhlala ejonga iindawo ezingezizo amathala njengeenjongo zotyalo-mali ezibaluleke kakhulu. Ibhodi yaphendula kurhulumente ngelithi mhlawumbi ngexa elizayo akuzukwazi ukufumana iphepha-mvume lokwakha, ithala leencwadi lizakujongana nobunzima ngenxa yokuphulukana noncedo lukarhulumente, izinga labasebenzi lizakwehla, lihle isidima sethala leencwadi, kwaye nethala leencwadi liza kujongana nobunzima. ayisayi kuphinda ikwazi ukusebenza njengelayibrari yesikolo. Uluvo lwebhodi yethala leencwadi lwaphumelela, yaye ithala elitsha lagqitywa ngowe-1971.

  • Isakhiwo selayibrari saseKerava senziwe ngumakhi uArno Savela wase-Oy Kaupunkisuunnitti Ab, kwaye i-design yangaphakathi yenziwa ngumakhi wangaphakathi uPekka Perjo. Umbindi wesakhiwo sethala leencwadi ubandakanya, phakathi kwezinye izinto, izitulo ezimibalabala zePastilli zesebe labantwana, iishelufu zenza indawo yokufunda enoxolo, kwaye iishelufu zazinobude obuyi-150 cm kuphela kumbindi wethala leencwadi.

    Ithala elitsha lavulelwa abathengi ngoSeptemba 27.9.1971, XNUMX. I-Kerava yonke ibonakala ihambile ukuze ibone indlu kwaye kwakukho umgca oqhubekayo wezinto ezintsha zobugcisa, ikhamera eqashisayo.

    Kwakukho umsebenzi omninzi. Uncwadi lwekholeji yoluntu kunye nezangqa zeepensile zadibana kwithala leencwadi, iklabhu yefilimu yabantwana yayisebenza apho, kwaye umthambo odityanisiweyo wokuyila kunye neklabhu yethiyetha yabanjwa ukulungiselela ulutsha. Ngo-1978, kwaqhutywa izifundo zamabali ezili-154 zabantwana. Imisebenzi yemiboniso nayo yayicwangciselwe ithala leencwadi, kwaye kule ithisisi yemasters ekhankanywe ngasentla kuchazwe ukuba imisebenzi yemiboniso kwithala leencwadi ibandakanya ubugcisa, ukufota, izinto kunye neminye imiboniso.

    Izicwangciso zokwandiswa kwethala leencwadi nazo zagqitywa xa kwakusakhiwa ithala leencwadi. Ulwabiwo-mali lokuqalisa ucwangciso lokwandiswa kwesakhiwo sethala leencwadi lwalugcinelwe uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali luka-1980 kunye nolwakhiwo kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lweminyaka emihlanu lwesixeko lweminyaka yowe-1983–1984. Uqikelelo lweendleko zokwandiswa yiFIM 5,5 yezigidi, utshilo uMaire Antila ngo-1980.

  • Ngowe-1983, ibhunga lesixeko saseKerava lavuma isicwangciso sokuqala sokwandiswa nokulungiswa kwethala leencwadi. Icandelo lokwakha langoko lenza imizobo ephambili yezicwangciso zethala leencwadi. Urhulumente wesixeko wafaka isicelo soncedo lukarhulumente ngowe-1984 nangowe-1985. Noko ke, imvume yokwakha yayingekafunyanwa.

    Kwizicwangciso zokwandisa, kongezelelwa icandelo elinemigangatho emibini kwithala leencwadi elidala. Ukuphunyezwa kolwandiso kwahlehliswa, yaye iintlobo ngeentlobo zezicwangciso ezintsha zaqalisa ukukhuphisana nokwandiswa kwethala leencwadi elidala.

    Kwacwangciswa ithala leencwadi ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-90 leeyabizwa ngokuba yiPohjolakeskus, engazange ibekho. Kwamiselwa ithala leencwadi lesebe leSavio ngokunxulumene nokwandiswa kwesikolo iSavio. Naleyo ayizange yenzeke. Ingxelo ye-1994, iinketho zeprojekthi yendawo yeThala leeNcwadi, ihlolisise iipropati ezahlukeneyo kumbindi wesixeko njengokhetho lotyalo-mali lwethala leencwadi kwaye yaphela ngokujonga i-Aleksintori ngokusondeleyo.

    Ngo-1995, ibhunga lagqiba ngesininzi sevoti enye ukufumana indawo yethala leencwadi kwa-Aleksintori. Olu khetho lukwacetyiswa liqela elisebenzayo elenze ingxelo malunga nemiba enxulumene nokwakhiwa kweyunivesithi yesayensi esetyenzisiweyo. Ingxelo yagqitywa ngoJanuwari 1997. Igalelo likarhulumente lanikezelwa kule projekthi yethala leencwadi. Ukuphunyezwa kweprojekthi kwalibaziseka ngenxa yezikhalazo, kwaye isixeko sazishiya izicwangciso zaso zokubeka ithala leencwadi kwi-Aleksintori. Kwafika ixesha leqela elitsha elisebenzayo.

  • NgoJuni 9.6.1998, XNUMX, usodolophu uRolf Paqvalin wonyula iqela elisebenzayo ukuba liphande uphuhliso lwemisebenzi yethala leencwadi lesixeko kunye nentsebenziswano namaziko emfundo akwisakhiwo esitsha seCentral Uusimaa Vocational Education and Training Association, egqityezelwa ecaleni kwe. ithala leencwadi.

    Ingxelo yagqitywa ngoMatshi 10.3.1999, 2002. Iqela elisebenzayo licebise ukuba kwandiswe izibonelelo ezikhoyo zethala leencwadi ngo-1500 ukuze inani elipheleleyo lezibonelelo zamathala eencwadi zibe malunga ne-XNUMX ezisikwemitha eziluncedo.
    Kwintlanganiso yayo eyayingoAprili 21.4.1999, 3000, iBhodi Yezemfundo yaqwalasela indawo ecetywayo ukuba ibe nganeno yaye ithala leencwadi elinokuba ziskwemitha ezizikwemitha eziluncedo ezinokuba ngama-XNUMX XNUMX. Ibhodi yagqiba, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukuba ukucwangciswa kwendawo yethala leencwadi kufuneka kuqhutyekwe nezicwangciso zesithuba esineenkcukacha kunye nokubalwa.

    Ngomhla wesi-7.6.1999 kuJuni ka-27.7, uninzi looceba benza iphulo lebhunga lokubekela bucala inkxaso-mali yokwandisa ithala leencwadi. Kwangalo nyaka, iBambela likaSodolophu u-Anja Juppi usete i-9.9.1999. iqela elisebenzayo lokukhokela ulungiselelo lwesicwangciso seprojekthi. Isicwangciso seprojekthi, esithelekisa iindlela ezintathu ezahlukeneyo zokwandisa, sanikezelwa kusodolophu ngoSeptemba XNUMX, XNUMX.

    IBhodi yezeMfundo yenza isigqibo ngo-5.10. inikezela ngokufezekiswa kolona khetho lubanzi lunokwenzeka kwibhodi yobunjineli basezidolophini nakurhulumente wesixeko. Urhulumente wesixeko wenze isigqibo ngo-8.11. indulula ukugcinwa kwemali eyabiweyo yocwangciso lwamathala eencwadi kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali luka-2000 nokuphumeza eyona ndlela inkulu yesicwangciso sethala leencwadi kwisicwangciso seprojekthi – ama-3000 eemitha ezisikweri ezisebenzisekayo.

    Ibhunga lesixeko lagqiba ngomhla we-15.11.1999 kuNovemba XNUMX ukuba ukwandiswa kwethala leencwadi kuya kwenziwa ngokungqinelana neyona ndlela ibanzi kwaye igalelo likarhulumente liya kucelwa ngokufanelekileyo, usihlalo webhunga egxininisa esithi: “Ibhunga liya kwenza isigqibo esibaluleke ngolo hlobo. ngamxhelo mnye."

    • Maire Antila, Uphuhliso lweemeko zamathala eencwadi eKerava. ithisisi yeMasters kwisayensi yethala leencwadi kunye nolwazi. Tampere 1980.
    • URita Käkelä, intsomi engeyiyo eyekwe kuBasebenzi kwithala leencwadi lombutho wabasebenzi waseKerava kwiminyaka yoo-1909-1948. ithisisi yeMasters kwisayensi yethala leencwadi kunye nolwazi. Tampere 1990.
    • Iingxelo zeqela elisebenzayo lesixeko saseKerava:
    • Ingxelo ngamalungiselelo eendawo zethala leencwadi kwiminyaka embalwa ezayo. 1986.
    • Uphuhliso lwenkonzo yolwazi. 1990.
    • Ukhetho lweprojekthi yendawo yethala leencwadi. 1994.
    • IYunivesithi yaseKerava yeSayensi eziSetyenzisiweyo. 1997.
    • Uphuhliso lwemisebenzi yamathala eencwadi. 1999.
    • Ilayibrari yesixeko saseKerava: isicwangciso seprojekthi. 1999.
    • Uphando lophando: Ithala leencwadi lesixeko saseKerava, uphando lwenkonzo yeThala leencwadi. 1986
    • Inkqubo yokhuphiswano: Iprothokholi yoVavanyo. Vula iprotocol yophononongo (pdf).